Testimony of Yaakov Apelstein, born in Kaunas, Lithuania. Joined Betar, 1938-1939. Undergone training in summer of 1939 in Otzron under Yerushalmi guidance. In 1940, after Russian invasion of region, many members of Betar, including Apelstein, were exiled to Astrakhan on border of Russia-Iran and accused of underground activities related to Zionist education.
Apelstein acted to commemorate Mordechai Glaida from Lutsk, and Baruch Levine from Vilna, both Betar members sentenced to death by Russians because Zionist activities (Hebrew, Yiddish).